
In the year 1853
the demand for a clean water supply, resulted in the formation
of the Rossen dale Water Works Company, which obtained an act
of parliament for this purpose. The company constructed the
Sheephouse Reservoir pictured below as well as the compensation
reservoir
on Newline. Previous to 1853 water was supplied to the people of
Bacup through pumps situated in various parts of Bacup. At the
time of the 1849 Public Health report water was very scarce during
the summer months with some people having to walk long distances to
obtain a pitiful amount of water.
Extracted
from the Public Health Report of 1849
PRESENT SUPPLIES OF WATER.
I visited the places from whence
the water is chiefly obtained and the following are some of my own
observations and the information obtained on the spot. The first was
Down The Yard spout. Here people were getting water for cleansing, and other
domestic purposes though it was said not to be used for food. The
stream was about half a inch in diameter a nd looked more suitable for
application to agricultural land as liquid manure than for any domestic
use. There were at least a dozen women and children waiting with cans
for water. The water at Bank house spring pictured right is
of much better quality but the supply is very small. Dr Stewart advised
me that about 200 houses obtain their water from this well. and that
they often have to wait many hours before they obtain a canful.
Persons
of all ages and sexes of course have to wait and it was stated that
the most demoralizing conversations took place. Dr Stewart added that illegitimacy
is more common than in many towns. Peggy spout is a well at Lane Head
some distance from the bulk of the population and about 340 yards from
the centre of the town. I selected from the persons waiting for water,
one of the eldest the wife of Abraham Stott, who said in answer to my
enquiries "We have lived at Lane Head about 10 years. We have no
other water near but Peggy spout well. We are not short of water in
winter but in summer it dries up , and then we have to to Broad Clough,
to Mr Whittakers Cawl, where it comes through the wall, and we catch it
in a pint pot. That will not be less distance than half a mile and we
have to carry it up hill.
Many scores fetch their
water from there. They fetch it into Bacup which will be about three
quarters of a mile. People sometimes get up at 2 or 3 o'clock to get a
canful. They often have to wait a hour for a canful".
Esther's spout or well is on the
Yorkshire road is said to be the most copious spring and the best in the
place.
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Whilst the reservoir at
Sheephouse gave water to many of the homes in Bacup it was unsuitable
for those built at higher altitudes such as those in Sharneyford. In
1898 the corporation of Bacup gained statutory powers to construct high
and low level reservoirs at Cowpe shown above which were opened in 1910.


Although the
reservoirs at Cloughbottom and Clowbridge didn't supply Bacup with water it did provide
many Bacup and Stacksteads men with work during its construction.
The following is taken from the
memoirs of Faron Robertshaw.
Enoch Tempest was the builder of
Cloughbottom Reservoir, and he was a very good boss to work for. He was
a man getting on in years and his son " Young Enoch " was very much in
charge. To make the reservoir large a large bend in the road and
part of the hill was cut away and Enoch had one of the first steam
navvies in this country working on the job. The men used to call her "
The American Devil" and those in charge of it called it that a
hundred times a day or more. If that lump of old iron had been human it
couldn't have been any awkwarder. Sometimes she was a little angel and
would light up and be a roaring fire in a few minutes but at other times
she was more wilful than old Nicks granddaughter and as full of tricks
as a egg is full of meat.
Some time later we
got another steam navvie and she was called the Jubilee she was worked
in the bottom of the reservoir. There were two of us as engine cleaners
and there were five engines to look after, the largest being called
Jumbo, and the smallest called Little Egret. Jumbo was used for all the
heavy dirty work, whilst little Egret was a lady and only took the empty
trucks up to the quarry and brought the full wagons of stone down to the
lower embankment. In the bottom of the reservoir there was a farmhouse
and the clerk of the works lived there until the reservoir was nearly
finished. The watchman had a hut on the new road and beside watching the
road he had to keep a pump going on the embankment. On the lower side of
the engine shed were the navvies huts and one portion of these huts and
married men and their wives and most of them took in lodgers.
There was plenty of beer to be had in almost all of the huts, and plenty
of rows amongst the men. The police kept a good eye on the camp and
every now and them would mount a raid on the camp searching the huts for
beer.
On a Sunday
some of the village Sunday schools sent up a choir, and so long as they
didn't try to drive their religion down the men's throats they were
listened to quite attentively. I used to enjoy going down amongst them
on a Sunday afternoon, the stories these men could tell of
different works both public and Government would have opened the eyes of
a few people.
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